Measurement invariance can be used to demonstrate that a construct has an equivalent meaning to separate groups or across repeated measurements. In particular, "measurement invariance applies to group comparison, to mean comparisons across measurement occasions, and to differential relations between constructs by group..."
Putnick, D. L. & Bornstein, M. H. (2016) Measurement invariance conventions and reporting: The state of the art and future directions for psychological research. Developmental Review, 41, 71-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2016.06.004
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Methodology